Gender Speech Community Essay

AbstractThis research paper bequeath focus on the human speech communication. Human oral communication is extremely large for completely tidy sums. My main topic for this paper is how we use and develop expression, the production of language, language encyclopaedism and the importance of the critical period. Chomsky, Skinner, and Whorf either had various theories on language but all had single major thing in common, which was the peculiarityificance of language. Regardless of when or how language is developed it is essential to excite lively in environment where every one using language to talk, specify and receive knowledge.The Ways in Which People Use and Develop Language andThe Effects it whitethorn Have on a PersonIf a person does not develop oral language this will affect the way in which people communicate with other people. From birth throughout their lives beat people ar taught the uses of language and create a way of communication. Language is the main compon ent for all public. The use of language-the communication of information through symbols arranged according to systematic rules-is a central cognitive ability, one that is indispensable for us to communicate with one another (Stapel & Semin, 2007 Hoff 2008 Resiberg). Language is essential to how we communicate, think, and under(a)stand the world. Without language our ability to convey information, obtain knowledge and cooperate with others would be hindered. This paper looks at Chomsky, Benjamin downwind Whorf and B.J. Skinners theories on language acquisition and why language it is so important to have and what could happen to a person if he/she were separated from society.In bless to comprehend how language is created and relates to thought, we first need to know that the basic structure of language is grammar. Grammar is a set of rules that clarifies how our thoughts can be articulated. There are threesome main elements that go with grammar they are phonology, syntax, and s emantics. Phonology is the study of the smallest unit of speech called phonemes. Phonemes are the way we use sounds to form run-in and produce meaning. Syntax deals with how words and phrases can be united to form sentences and semantic rules allow us to express meanings to words. Feldman, Robert S. (2011). Although many people may have a hard time explaining the meanings of these words, we all subconsciously use grammar every day in a linguistic wayLanguage starts during infancy from three months through one-year- old. Children begin to declare insignificant speech like sounds that is called babble. In the textbook Feldman, Robert S. (2011) stated that while babbling, they produce, at one time or another, any of the sounds found in all languages, not just the one to which are exposed. Even deaf children demonstrate their own form of babbling, who are in equal to hear, yet who are exposed to sign language from birth babble in their own way. In the same textbook I stated before Fel dman, Robert S. (2011) indicates that babies babbling imitates the precise language be spoken in the infants environment which focuses more on the pitch and tone of the person talking to the child. As the baby gets older, he or she starts to specialize in the language that they were exposed to from birth.To support what I am saying I read an article called Language and Brain nurture get down Start copyright United Feature Syndicate stated that a child is introduced to language virtually at the moment of birth. Children do not wait explicit language instruction, but they do need exposure to language in order to develop normally. Children who do not receive linguistic enter during their formative years do not achieve native like grammatical competence.There were three theorists that had their own speculation on language acquisition but intertwined with my thesis. Let us begin with Noam Chomsky. Chomsky was a very well- known linguist. He believes that human brains have a language acquisition device that we are inborn with. All children are born with a universal grammar that makes them amenable to the common features of language be baffle of this hard-wired background in grammar children easily pick up a language when they are exposed to its particular grammar. Http//www.brighthubeducation.com/language-learning-tips/71728-noam-chomsky-language-acquisition-theories/. Basically Chomsky believed that all children develop language around the same age and all develop language skills speedily and naturally. The next theorist was Benjamin Lee Whorf. Whorfs possibility is that children will learn language skills through interaction with others rather than obtain the knowledge involuntarily.He was recognized for his study that focused on a persons thinking skills, how their ideas and expressions all depend on language. He anticipated a theory called linguistic relativity. This theory determines the way people think. In other words we think in terms of words or other symbols, and they are necessary as a precondition for a human to form an ideaor, at least, to express the idea to others. Although thinking involves mental manipulation of reality, it is heavily babelike upon words or other symbols. Bergman. Jerry (Benjamin Lee Whorf An Early Supporter of Creationism). My last theorist was B.F. Skinner. Skinner thought language is attained through standards of conditioning, association, imitation and, reinforcement. The expiration from Chomsky and Skinner one believed he or she is born with language where Skinner believed that people have to be taught how to speak by some ones language acquisition.All three theorists have their own assumptions on language acquisition. Chomsky believes we are born with the skills for language. Skinner believes children is learn through imitation that focuses on bearing and Whorf thought language was developed by interaction with peers rather than being born with it. The one major factor that they all share is th e importance of language from birth. If children are deprived of language from the start they will suffer drastically, which proves my statement in the beginning which was, children who are isolated from language and communication from the early ages will deal with major effects when they are older.A major period that some theorists believe is crucial for language development is called the critical period, which can cause many effects in learning language. From the article Introduction Brain and Language explained what the critical-age hypothesis was. This theory believes language is organically based and the capacity to learn your inhabitant language develops from birth to middle childhood. Subsequent to this period, the attainment of grammar is complicated for most people and never fully grasped.Children who are not exposed of language during this critical period will have a difficult time overcoming this deficit. This concept can be proved to be true in humans and other species. 22. Introduction Brain and Language gave an example of ducklings. For instance, from nine to twenty-one months after hatching, ducks will follow the first moving object they see careless(predicate) if it is a duck or not. This behavior did not come subconsciously but from an external teaching, or intensive practice. Other examples of the critical period that is strongly associated to language learning is the critical period in certain songbirds, e.g., zebra finches or white crowned sparrows (Marler, 1970).For children there have been cases that support this theory. For instance, there was a unripe boy who was isolated from society also known as the fantastic child. In the film produced by Francois Truffaut The Wild Child was based on a young boy named Victor. It was determined that he was left in forest and survived shockingly. (Language and Brain Development 23.) In the YouTube documentary we learned that Victor was not capable to speak or recognize language. He was brought to Paris where he was first put into a deaf school, but after Francois Truffaut observes Victor he believes he can hear and can be educated. After a while, Victor begins to gain some kind of language from being in society. (http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=_dA2W0SwIwY).Another perfect example that supports the conjecture of the critical period is a girl named Genie. Genie as well as Victor was a wild child. Genie was abused and isolated from all society from eighteen months to about fourteen years of age. Genie was restricted to a small room under terrible conditions and received minimal to none of human contact. Genie was not able to talk or knew any language at all. (Language and Brain Development 23) said this linguistic inability could simply be caused by the fact that these children received no linguistic input, showing that language acquisition, though an innate, neurologically based ability, essential be triggered by input from the environment.Like Victor, Genie learned some kind of language but lacked grammatical structure. Possessing language is essential to have living in a society. Without language you would not be able to communicate, give, and receive knowledge. For instance Genie in (Introduction Brain and Language) said The cases of Genie and other isolated children, as well as deaf late learners of ASL, show that children cannot fully acquire language unless they are exposed to it within the critical perioda biologically determined window of opportunity during which time the brain is prepared to develop language. People use and develop language in their lives and it is important to have developed it in an early age.ReferencesFeldman, Robert S. (2011). Essentials of Understanding Psychology Jump Start copyright . United Feature Syndicate. Reprinted with permission. Introduction Brain and Language http//suite101.com/article/how-we-learn-language-a158847Aitchinson, blue jean (1976). The Articulate Mammal An Introduction to Psycholinguistics. London Hu tchinson & Co. http//www.healthofchildren.com/L/Language-Development.htmlhttp//www.icr.org/article/6391/http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=_dA2W0SwIwY